android view 绘制
参考
guolin : Android视图绘制流程完全解析，带你一步步深入了解View(二)工匠若水 : Android应用层View绘制流程与源码分析
Android 手把手教您自定义ViewGroup（一）
绘制流程
- ActivityThread中，Activity创建完成后，会将DecorView添加到Window中，同时创建ViewRootImpl对象，并建立两者的关联。
- View的绘制流程从ViewRoot的performTraversals方法开始，经过measure、layout和draw三大流程
private void performTraversals() { ...... //最外层的根视图的widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec由来 //lp.width和lp.height在创建ViewGroup实例时等于MATCH_PARENT int childWidthMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mWidth, lp.width); int childHeightMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mHeight, lp.height); ...... mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec); ...... mView.layout(0, 0, mView.getMeasuredWidth(), mView.getMeasuredHeight()); ...... mView.draw(canvas); ...... } - performMeasure方法中会调用measure方法，在measure方法中又会调用onMeasure方法，在onMeasure方法中会对所有的子元素进行measure过程，这个时候measure流程就从父容器传递到子元素了，这样就完成了一次measure过程，layout和draw的过程类似。
- measure过程决定了view的宽高，在几乎所有的情况下这个宽高都等同于view最终的宽高。layout过程决定了view的四个顶点的坐标和view实际的宽高，通过getWidth和getHeight方法可以得到最终的宽高。draw过程决定了view的显示。
视图重绘 invalidate()
LayoutInflater加载布局
- guolin : Android LayoutInflater原理分析，带你一步步深入了解View(一)
- 获取LayoutInflater的实例
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); // LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); - inflate() 加载布局
layoutInflater.inflate(resourceId, root); //resourceId 加载的布局id //root 父布局，如果不需要就直接传null mainLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.main_layout); LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this); View buttonLayout = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.button_layout, null); mainLayout.addView(buttonLayout);
MeasureSpec
- specMode
1、EXACTLY
父视图希望子视图的大小应该是由specSize的值来决定的
2、AT_MOST
子视图最多只能是specSize中指定的大小
3、UNSPECIFIED
可以将视图按照自己的意愿设置成任意的大小，没有任何限制 - MeasureSpec和LayoutParams的对应关系
在view测量的时候，系统会将LayoutParams在父容器的约束下转换成对应的MeasureSpec，然后再根据这个MeasureSpec来确定View测量后的宽高。
MeasureSpec不是唯一由LayoutParams决定的，LayoutParams需要和父容器一起才能决定view的MeasureSpec，从而进一步确定view的宽高。对于DecorView，它的MeasureSpec由窗口的尺寸和其自身的LayoutParams来决定；对于普通view，它的MeasureSpec由父容器的MeasureSpec和自身的LayoutParams来共同决定。 - view的MeasureSpec的创建规则
当view采用固定宽高时，不管父容器的MeasureSpec是什么，view的MeasureSpec都是精确模式，并且大小是LayoutParams中的大小。
当view的宽高是match_parent时，如果父容器的模式是精确模式，那么view也是精确模式，并且大小是父容器的剩余空间；如果父容器是最大模式，那么view也是最大模式，并且大小是不会超过父容器的剩余空间。
当view的宽高是wrap_content时，不管父容器的模式是精确模式还是最大模式，view的模式总是最大模式，并且大小不超过父容器的剩余空间。
measure()
public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
if ((mPrivateFlags & FORCE_LAYOUT) == FORCE_LAYOUT ||
widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
mPrivateFlags &= ~MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET;
if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {
ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.ON_MEASURE);
}
onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if ((mPrivateFlags & MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET) != MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET) {
throw new IllegalStateException("onMeasure() did not set the"
+ " measured dimension by calling"
+ " setMeasuredDimension()");
}
mPrivateFlags |= LAYOUT_REQUIRED;
}
mOldWidthMeasureSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
mOldHeightMeasureSpec = heightMeasureSpec;
}onMeasure()
- onMeasure()
//super protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { setMeasuredDimension( getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec), getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec) ); } //重写 支持wrap_content //match_parent,wrap_content 由系统测量并传入match_parent值 //exactly 设置明确的宽度和高度时,传入设置的值 protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec); int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec); int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec); int width; int height; if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { //传入准确值 width = widthSize; } else { mPaint.setTextSize(mTitleTextSize); mPaint.getTextBounds(mTitle, 0, mTitle.length(), mBounds); //内容大小 float textWidth = mBounds.width(); //内容+边距 int desired = (int) (getPaddingLeft() + textWidth + getPaddingRight()); width = desired; } if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { //传入准确值 height = heightSize; } else { mPaint.setTextSize(mTitleTextSize); mPaint.getTextBounds(mTitle, 0, mTitle.length(), mBounds); float textHeight = mBounds.height(); int desired = (int) (getPaddingTop() + textHeight + getPaddingBottom()); height = desired; } //调用设置大小的接口 setMeasuredDimension(width, height); } - getDefaultSize()
public static int getDefaultSize(int size, int measureSpec) { int result = size; int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); switch (specMode) { case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED: result = size; break; case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST: case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY: result = specSize; break; } return result; } - setMeasuredDimension()
onLayout()
public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
int oldL = mLeft;
int oldT = mTop;
int oldB = mBottom;
int oldR = mRight;
boolean changed = setFrame(l, t, r, b);
if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {
ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.ON_LAYOUT);
}
onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
mPrivateFlags &= ~LAYOUT_REQUIRED;
if (mOnLayoutChangeListeners != null) {
ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener> listenersCopy =
(ArrayList<OnLayoutChangeListener>) mOnLayoutChangeListeners.clone();
int numListeners = listenersCopy.size();
for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) {
listenersCopy.get(i).onLayoutChange(this, l, t, r, b, oldL, oldT, oldR, oldB);
}
}
}
mPrivateFlags &= ~FORCE_LAYOUT;
} onDraw()
public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {
ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.DRAW);
}
final int privateFlags = mPrivateFlags;
final boolean dirtyOpaque = (privateFlags & DIRTY_MASK) == DIRTY_OPAQUE &&
(mAttachInfo == null || !mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState);
mPrivateFlags = (privateFlags & ~DIRTY_MASK) | DRAWN;
//对视图的背景进行绘制
int saveCount;
if (!dirtyOpaque) {
final Drawable background = mBGDrawable;
if (background != null) {
final int scrollX = mScrollX;
final int scrollY = mScrollY;
if (mBackgroundSizeChanged) {
background.setBounds(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
mBackgroundSizeChanged = false;
}
if ((scrollX | scrollY) == 0) {
background.draw(canvas);
} else {
canvas.translate(scrollX, scrollY);
background.draw(canvas);
canvas.translate(-scrollX, -scrollY);
}
}
}
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
boolean horizontalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_HORIZONTAL) != 0;
boolean verticalEdges = (viewFlags & FADING_EDGE_VERTICAL) != 0;
if (!verticalEdges && !horizontalEdges) {
//对视图的内容进行绘制
if (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);
// draw the children
dispatchDraw(canvas);
// 对视图的滚动条进行绘制
onDrawScrollBars(canvas);
return;
}
}